Started Dgraph Zero with ./dgraph zero, then start Dgraph Alpha with ./dgraph alpha --lru_mb=2048 --tls_dir=tls --acl_secret_file acl_key_file --encryption_key_file enc_key_file, then created a backup through Dgraph Ratel at /home/dmitry/dgraph/backups, and finally ./dgraph restore -p /home/dmitry/dgraph/dgraph -l /home/dmitry/dgraph/backups -z localhost:5080 --backup_id lucid_darwin0
You need to pass the encryption key to the restore command. Otherwise the gzip reader is decompressing the data but the encrypted data is not in the format that gzip expects.
Look into the --encryption_key_file option in dgraph restore.
EDIT: The reason is that backups created in encrypted alphas are also written using the encryption key.